welding guidelines
The Welding Handbook for Maritime Welders.pdf
Taken from Solutions: Problem Steel: Among the low alloy steels, there is also a large group of special steels with complicated chemical composition. These include spring steel, vanadium steel, high speed steel, tool steel, etc. All these steel types are difficult to weld. In many cases the steel has been hardened by annealing, and welding can destroy the hardening.
In principle, all these steels can be welded with matching ferritic consumables with the aid of preheating and postweld heat treatment to avoid hydrogen cracking in the heat affected zone (HAZ).
In the case of repair welding, it is, however, often not possible to preheat or to perform any postweld heat treatment.
So, in this case, welding with austenitic stainless or nickel-based consumables is considered to be one of the best methods. The risk of cracking is reduced by the higher solubility of hydrogen and the greater ductility of the weld metal.
There are so many types of low alloy steel on the market today that even specialists have difficulty in keeping track of the entire range. Numerous types of special alloys not classified under existing standards, are marketed by the steel works. Most types can be welded satisfactorily with Unitor Tensile having a tensile strength of 850 N/mm2. This electrode may be used both for joining and for building-up work
Toyota Collision Repair Information - Welding High Strength Steel (H.S.S.).pdf
Taken from REPAIR GUIDELINES
H.S.S. and ordinary steel parts in Toyota vehicles are welded using the same methods. The following precautions apply:
Use either spot welding or MIG/MAG (shield gas) welding. MIG/MAG (shield gas) welding should only be done by an experienced body shop person.
Only braze body components previously brazed at the factory and as indicated in the Toyota Repair Manual for Collision Damage.
Do not use an oxy–acetylene torch for fusion welding auto bodies. The large heat affected zone may destroy galvanized coatings and cause excessive panel distortions. In addition, an oxy–acetylene torch will reduce the strength and increase the brittleness of H.S.S.
Borgeson Catalog and Tech Guide.pdf
Your car must be designed as an integral unit with the steering box or rack and pinion, engine, exhaust, steering column and connecting shafts and u-joints in a safe working relationship. In this catalog, you will find many examples of installation suggestions that will help in the design of a safe steering setup. Following these guidelines will insure a safe, smooth operating steering system.
Miller - Guidelines For Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW).pdf
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), also known as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is a process that produces an electric arc maintained between a non consumable tungsten electrode and the part to be welded. The heat-affected zone, the molten metal and the tungsten electrode are all shielded from atmospheric contamination by a blanket of inert gas fed through the GTAW torch. Inert gas (usually Argon) is inactive or deficient in active chemical properties. The shielding gas serves to blanket the weld and exclude the active properties in the surrounding air. Inert gases such as Argon and Helium do not chemically react or combine with other gases. They pose no odor and are transparent, permitting the the welder maximum visibility of the arc. In some instances Hydrogen gas may be added to enhance travel speeds.
Miller - Arc Stud Welding Fundamentals.pdf
Arc stud welding (SW) is a welding process in which a metal fastener (weld stud) is joined to a workpiece. This process is generally referred to as stud welding. The metal fastener is joined under pressure once sufficiently heated with an electric arc.
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