Emerson Process Management: Control Valve Handbook.pdf

In Engineering Ebooks » Mechanical & Industrial Engineering » Tags: , , » 1 Comment » May 19, 2010


Taken from What Is A Control Valve?: Process plants consist of hundreds, or even thousands, of control loops all networked together to produce a product to be offered for sale. Each of these control loops is designed to keep some important process variable such as pressure, flow, level, temperature, etc. within a required operating range to ensure the quality of the end product. Each of these loops receives and internally creates disturbances that detrimentally affect the process variable, and interaction from other loops in the network provides disturbances that influence the process variable.

To reduce the effect of these load disturbances, sensors and transmitters collect information about the process variable and its relationship to some desired set point. A controller then processes this information and decides what must be done to get the process variable back to where it should be after a load disturbance occurs.

When all the measuring, comparing, and calculating are done, some type of final control element must implement the strategy selected by the controller.

Contents:

  • Chapter 1. Introduction to Control Valves
    • What Is A Control Valve?
    • Process Control Terminology
    • Sliding-Stem Control Valve Terminology
    • Rotary-Shaft Control Valve Terminology
    • Control Valve Functions and Characteristics Terminology
    • Other Process Control Terminology
  • Chapter 2. Control Valve Performance
    • Process Variability [ Dead Band ~ Actuator-Positioner Design ~ Valve Response Time ~ Valve Type And Characterization ~ Valve Sizing ]
    • Economic Results
    • Summary
  • Chapter 3. Valve and Actuator Types
    • Control Valves [ Globe Valves ~ Rotary Valves ]
    • Control Valve End Connections [ Screwed Pipe Threads ~ Bolted Gasketed Flanges ~ Welding End Connections ]
    • Valve Body Bonnets [ Extension Bonnets ~ Bellows Seal Bonnets ]
    • Control Valve Packing [ PTFE V-Ring ~ Laminated and Filament Graphite ~ USA Regulatory Requirements for Fugitive Emissions ]
    • Characterization of Cage-Guided Valve Bodies [ Characterized Valve Plugs ]
    • Valve Plug Guiding
    • Restricted-Capacity Control Valve Trim
    • Actuators [ Diaphragm Actuators ~ Piston Actuators ~ Electrohydraulic Actuators ~ Manual Actuators ~ Rack and Pinion Actuators ~ Electric Actuators ]
  • Chapter 4. Control Valve Accessories
    • Positioners
    • Other Control Valve Accessories [ Limit Switches ~ Solenoid Valve Manifold ~ Supply Pressure Regulator ~ Pneumatic Lock-Up Systems ~ Fail-Safe Systems for Piston Actuators ~ Electro-Pneumatic Transducers ~ Electro-Pneumatic Valve Positioners ~ Diagnostics ]
  • Chapter 5. Control Valve Selection
    • Valve Body Materials
    • Designations for the High Nickel Alloys
    • Pressure-Temperature Ratings for Standard Class [ Cast Carbon Steel (ASTM A216 Grade WCC) ~ Cast Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (ASTM A217 Grade WC9) ~ Cast Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (ASTM A217 Grade C5) ~ Cast Type 304 Stainless Steel (ASTM A351 Grade CF3) ~ Cast Type 316 Stainless Steel (ASTM A351 Grades CF8M and CG8M) ]
    • Pressure-Temperature Ratings for ASTM A216 Cast Iron Valves
    • Pressure-Temperature Ratings for ASTM B61 and B62 Cast Bronze Valves
    • Face-to-Face Dimensions for Flanged Globe-Style Control Valves
    • Face-to-Face Dimensions for Buttweld-End Globe-Style Control Valves
    • Face-to-Face Dimensions for Socket Weld-End Globe-Style Control Valves
    • Face-to-Face Dimensions for Screwed-End Globe-Style Control Valves
    • Face-to-Centerline Dimensions for Raised Face Globe-Style Angle Control Valves
    • Face-to-Face Dimensions for Separable Flanged Globe-Style Control Valves
    • Face-to-Face Dimensions for Flangeless, Partial-Ball Control Valves
    • Face-to-Face Dimensions for Single Flange (Lug-Type) and Flangeless (Wafer-Type) Butterfly Control Valves
    • Face-to-Face Dimensions for High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design
    • Wear & Galling Resistance Chart Of Material Combinations
    • Control Valve Seat Leakage Classifications
    • Class VI Maximum Seat Leakage Allowable
    • Typical Valve Trim Material Temperature Limits
    • Service Temperature Limitations for Elastomers
    • Ambient Temperature Corrosion Information
    • Elastomer Information
    • Fluid Compatibility
    • Control Valve Flow Characteristics [ Flow Characteristics ~ Selection of Flow Characteristic ]
    • Valve Sizing [ Sizing Valves for Liquids ~ Abbreviations and Terminology ~ Equation Constants ~ Determining Fp, the Piping Geometry Factor ~ Determining qmax (the Maximum Flow Rate) or Pmax (the Allowable Sizing Pressure Drop) ~ Determining qmax (the Maximum Flow Rate) ~ Determining Pmax (the Allowable Sizing Pressure Drop) ~ Liquid Sizing Sample Problem ~ Sizing Valves for Compressible Fluids ~ Determining xTP, the Pressure Drop Ratio Factor ~ Compressible Fluid Sizing Sample Problem No. 1 ~ Compressible Fluid Sizing Sample Problem No. 2 ~ Representative Sizing Coefficients for Single-Ported Globe-Style Valve Bodies ~ Representative Sizing Coefficients for Rotary-Shaft Valves ]
    • Actuator Sizing [ Globe Valves ~ Actuator Force Calculations ]
    • Rotary Actuator Sizing [ Torque Equations ~ Breakout Torque ~ Dynamic Torque ]
    • Typical Rotary Shaft Valve Torque Factors
    • V-Notch Ball Valve with Composition Seal
    • High Performance Butterfly Valve with Composition Seal [ Maximum Rotation ]
    • Non-Destructive Test Procedures [ Magnetic Particle (Surface) Examination ~ Liquid Penetrant (Surface) Examination ~ Radiographic (Volumetric) Examination ~ Ultrasonic (Volumetric) Examination ]
    • Cavitation and Flashing [ Choked Flow Causes Flashing and Cavitation ~ Valve Selection for Flashing Service ~ Valve Selection for Cavitation Service ]
    • Noise Prediction [ Aerodynamic ~ Hydrodynamic ]
    • Noise Control
    • Noise Summary
    • Packing Selection
    • Packing Selection Guidelines for Sliding?Stem Valves
    • Packing Selection Guidelines for Rotary Valves
  • Chapter 6. Special Control Valves
    • High Capacity Control Valves
    • Low Flow Control Valves
    • High-Temperature Control Valves
    • Cryogenic Service Valves
    • Customized Characteristics and Noise Abatement Trims
    • Control Valves for Nuclear Service in the USA
    • Valves Subject to Sulfide Stress Cracking [ Pre-2003 Revisions of MR0175 ~ NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 ~ NACE MR0103 ]
  • Chapter 7. Steam Conditioning Valves
    • Understanding Desuperheating [ Technical Aspects of Desuperheating ]
    • Typical Desuperheater Designs [ Fixed Geometry Nozzle Design ~ Variable Geometry Nozzle Design ~ Self-Contained Design ~ Steam Atomized Design ~ Geometry-Assisted Wafer Design ]
    • Understanding Steam Conditioning Valves
    • Steam Conditioning Valves [ Steam Cooler ~ Steam Sparger ]
    • Understanding Turbine Bypass Systems
    • Turbine Bypass System Components [ Turbine Bypass Valves ~ Turbine Bypass Water Control Valves ~ Electro-Hydraulic System ]
  • Chapter 8. Installation and Maintenance
    • Proper Storage and Protection
    • Proper Installation Techniques [ Read the Instruction Manual ~ Be Sure the Pipeline Is Clean ~ Inspect the Control Valve ~ Use Good Piping Practices ]
    • Control Valve Maintenance [ Reactive Maintenance ~ Preventive Maintenance ~ Predictive Maintenance ~ Using Control Valve Diagnostics ~ Actuator Diaphragm ~ Stem Packing ~ Seat Rings ~ Bench Set ]
  • Chapter 9. Standards and Approvals
    • Control Valve Standards [ American Petroleum Institute (API) ~ American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) ~ European Committee for Standardization (CEN) ~ Fluid Controls Institute (FCI) ~ Instrument Society of America (ISA) ~ International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ~ International Standards Organization (ISO) ~ Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) ~ NACE International ]
    • Product Approvals for Hazardous (Classified) Locations [ References ~ North American Approvals ~ Loop Schematic (Control Drawing) ~ Comparison of Protection Techniques ~ European and Asia/Pacific Approvals ]
  • Chapter 10. Engineering Data
    • Standard Specifications For Valve Materials
    • Valve Materials Properties for Pressure?Containing Components
    • Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons
    • Specific Heat Ratio (K)
    • Physical Constants of Various Fluids
    • Refrigerant 717 (Ammonia)
    • Properties of Water
    • Properties of Saturated Steam
    • Properties of Superheated Steam
    • Velocity of Liquids in Pipe
    • Flow of Water Through Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
    • Flow of Air Through Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
    • Calculations for Pipe Other than Schedule 40
  • Chapter 11. Pipe Data
    • Pipe Engagement
    • Carbon and Alloy Steel ? Stainless Steel
    • American Pipe Flange Dimensions ? Diameter of Bolt Circle Inches
    • American Pipe Flange Dimensions ? Number of Stud Bolts and Diameter in Inches
    • American Pipe Flange Dimensions ? Flange Diameter?Inches
    • American Pipe Flange Dimensions ? Flange Thickness for Flange Fittings
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 16
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 25
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 40
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 63
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 100
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 160
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 250
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 320
    • Cast Steel Flange Standard for PN 400
  • Chapter 12. Conversions and Equivalents
    • Length Equivalents
    • Whole Inch?Millimeter Equivalents
    • Fractional Inches To Millimeters
    • Additional Fractional/Decimal Inch?Millimeter Equivalents
    • Area Equivalents
    • Volume Equivalents
    • Volume Rate Equivalents
    • Mass Conversion—Pounds to Kilograms
    • Pressure Equivalents
    • Pressure Conversion—Pounds per Square Inch to Bar
    • Temperature Conversion Formulas
    • Temperature Conversions
    • A.P.I. and Baumé Gravity Tables and Weight Factors
    • Equivalent Volume and Weight Flow Rates of Compressible Fluids
    • Viscosity Conversion Nomograph
    • Other Useful Conversions
    • Metric Prefixes and Symbols

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Comments

One Response to “Emerson Process Management: Control Valve Handbook.pdf”

  1. amin on May 24th, 2010 1:53 am

    hi
    I’m a iranian university student.
    i download this file and thanks for free file.
    good luck