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Fundamentals of Air Pollution Engineering.pdf

November 6, 2009 · Filed Under Environmental Engineering  · Tags: , , , ,

Taken from: Air Pollution Engineering: The phenomenon of air pollution involves a sequence of events: the generation of pollutants at and their release from a source; their transport and transfonnation in and removal from the atmosphere; and their effects on human beings, materials, and ecosystems.

Because it is generally either economically infeasible or technically impossible to design processes for absolutely zero emissions of air pollutants, we seek to control the emissions to a level such that effects are either nonexistent or minimized.

We can divide the study of air pollution into three obviously overlapping but somewhat distinct areas:
1. The generation and control of air pollutants at their source. This first area involves everything that occurs before the pollutant is released “up the stack” or “out the tailpipe. “
2. The transport, dispersion, chemical transfonnation in, and removal of species from the atmosphere. This second area thus includes all the chemical and physical processes that take place between the point of emission and ultimate removal from the atmosphere.
3. The effects of air pollutants on human beings, animals, materials, vegetation, crops, and forest and aquatic ecosystems, including the measurement of gaseous and particulate species.

An air pollution control strategy for a region is a specification of the allowable levels of pollutant emissions from sources. To fonnulate such a strategy it is necessary to be able to estimate the atmospheric fate of the emissions, and thus the ambient concentrations, so that these concentrations can be compared with those considered to give rise to adverse effects. The ultimate mix of control actions and devices employed to achieve the allowable levels might then be decided on an economic basis. Therefore, the formulation of an air pollution control strategy for a region involves a critical feedback from area 3 to area 1. Consequently, all three of the areas above are important in air pollution abatement planning.

A comprehensive treatment of each of these three areas is beyond the scope of a single book, however. The present book is devoted to an in-depth analysis of the generation and control of air pollutants at their source, which we refer to as air pollution engineering.

Copyright returned to authors by Prentice-Hall, April 2008, deposited by Caltech Library System, author: Richard C. Flagan; John H. Seinfeld - California Institute of Technology.

Contents:

  • AIR POLLUTION ENGINEERING
    • Air Pollutants
    • Air Pollution Legislation in the United States
    • Atmospheric Concentration Units
    • The Appendices to this Chapter
    • Chemical Kinetics
    • Mass and Heat Transfer
    • Elements of Probability Theory
    • Turbulent Mixing
    • Units
  • COMBUSTION FUNDAMENTALS
    • Fuels
    • Combustion Stoichiometry
    • Combustion Thermodynamics
    • Combustion Kinetics
    • Flame Propagation and Structure
    • Turbulent Mixing
    • Combustion of Liquid Fuels
    • Combustion of Solid Fuels
  • POLLUTANT FORMATION AND CONTROL IN COMBUSTION
    • Nitrogen Oxides
    • Carbon Monoxide
    • Hydrocarbons
    • Sulfur Oxides
  • INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • Spark Ignition Engines
    • Diesel Engine
    • Stratified Charge Engines
    • Gas Turbines
  • AEROSOLS
    • The Drag on a Single Particle: Stokes’ Law
    • Noncontinuum Effects
    • Motion of an Aerosol Particle in an External Force Field
    • Brownian Motion of Aerosol Particles
    • Diffusion to Single Particles
    • The Size Distribution Function
    • The Log-Normal Distribution
    • General Dynamic Equation for Aerosols
    • Coagulation Coefficient
    • Homogeneous Nucleation
    • Sectional Representation of Aerosol Processes
  • PARTICLE FORMATION IN COMBUSTION
    • Ash
    • Char and Coke
    • Soot
    • Motor Vehicle Exhaust Aerosols
  • REMOVAL OF PARTICLES FROM GAS STREAMS
    • Collection Efficiency
    • Settling Chambers
    • Cyclone Separators
    • Electrostatic Precipitation
    • Filtration of Particles from Gas Streams
    • Wet Collectors
    • Summary of Particulate Emission Control Techniques
  • REMOVAL OF GASEOUS POLLUTANTS FROM EFFLUENT STREAMS
    • Interfacial Mass Transfer
    • Absorption of Gases by Liquids
    • Adsorption of Gases on Solids
    • Removal of S02 from Effluent Streams
    • Removal of NOx from Effluent Streams
  • OPTIMAL AIR POLLUTION CONTROL STRATEGIES
    • Long-Term Air Pollution Control
    • A Simple Example of Determining a Least-Cost Air Pollution Control Strategy
    • General Statement of the Least-Cost Air Pollution Control Problem
    • A Least-Cost Control Problem for Total Emissions Problems

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Download free Fundamentals of Air Pollution Engineering.pdf (554 pages pdf file, 19 MB).

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