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Holographic Dielectric Gratings: Theory and Practice.pdf

November 17, 2008 · Filed Under Chemical Engineering  · Tags: ,

Taken from ABSTRACT of Holographic Dielectric Gratings: Theory and Practice, by Milton M.T. Chang: Prised of a periodic variation of the retractive index of a medium and is produced by the interference pattern of two monochromatic waves. Emphasis is placed upon photographic emulsion as the medium for recording the pattern, but the treatment is general and includes any material that can have an internal modulation of the refractive index. Three topics are treated: the effective dielectric constant of the emulsion, the diffraction of light by dielectric gratings, and the techniques for producing gratings with high efficiency and good resolution.

The photographic emulsion is treated as an artificially loaded material, i.e. as a suspension of grains in a gelatin base. A Mie scattering theory analysis is used and the effect of adjacent scatterers on the local field is accounted for by the Lorentz-Lorenz relation. The optical density of the emulsion is shown to be proportional to the number of grain present. The effective index variation after bleaching is proportional to the pre-bleached optical density, which implies that the emulsion should have a linear density vs. exposure curve to effect a sinusoidally modulated index of refraction. A relation between the modulation transfer function (MTF) of bleached and unbleached emulsion is derived. Means for improvement of the MTF.

Contents:

  • INTRODUCTION
  • CHAPTER I - HOLOGRAPHIC MATERIALS
    • 1.1 Introduction
    • 1.2 Photographic Emulsions [ Exposure ~ Development ~ Stop Bath ~ Fix ~ Wash ~ Bleaching ~ Reversal Processing ~ Rinse ~ Swelling of the Emulsion ~ Desensitization ]
    • 1.3 Photochromic Material [ Photochromic Glass ~ Alkali Halide Crystals ]
    • 1.4 Photoresist
    • 1.5 Thermoplastics
    • 1.6 Photosensitive Plastics
    • 1.7 Ferroelectric Crystals
    • 1.8 Dichromated Gelatin
    • 1.9 Photopolymer
  • CHAPTER II - DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS OF PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSIONS
    • 2.1 Introduction
    • 2.2 Effective Dielectric Constant
    • 2.3 The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) [ Improvement of the MTF ]
  • CHAPTER III - THEORY OF DIELECTRIC GRATINGS
    • 3.1 Introduction
    • 3.2 Generalized Raman-Nath Theory
    • 3.3 An Exact Formal Solution of the Raman-Nath Difference Differential Equation
    • 3.4 An Approximate Solution of the Raman-Nath Equation: Phase Modulation Only
    • 3.5 An Approximate Solution of the Raman-Nath Equation: Bragg Region
    • 3.6 Lossy Dielectric Gratings
    • 3.7 Numerical Solution
    • 3.8 Comparison of Results
  • CHAPTER IV - HIGH QUALITY GRATINGS
    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 Discussion
    • 4.3 High Quality Gratings - Experimental Result
    • 4.4 Some Possible Experiments [ Developer and Chemical Treatment ~ Thickness of Emulsion ~ Improvement of the Modulation Transfer Function ]
  • CHAPTER V - CONCLUSIONS

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Comments

2 Responses to “Holographic Dielectric Gratings: Theory and Practice.pdf”

  1. hamzeh fallah on December 17th, 2008 4:48 pm

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  2. Rodney2612 on March 1st, 2009 9:22 pm

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